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      </a></span></div></div> <div data-v-7dd95ae2><div data-v-7dd95ae2><main class="page" style="padding-right:0;"><section style="display:;"><div class="page-title"><h1 class="title">微信小程序基础</h1> <div data-v-8a445198><i class="iconfont reco-account" data-v-8a445198><span data-v-8a445198>凯</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-date" data-v-8a445198><span data-v-8a445198>5/28/2024</span></i> <!----> <i class="tags iconfont reco-tag" data-v-8a445198><span class="tag-item" data-v-8a445198>微信小程序</span></i></div></div> <div class="theme-reco-content content__default"><h2 id="_1-开发环境"><a href="#_1-开发环境" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.开发环境</h2> <ul><li>微信公众平台-小程序开发</li></ul> <blockquote><p>1.注册开发者账号 <code>https://mp.weixin.qq.com</code></p> <p>2.完成账号实名认证</p> <p>3.前往小程序开发后台 获取 小程序的APPID <code>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wxamp/home/guide?lang=zh_CN&amp;token=303858676</code></p> <p>4.首页--填写小程序基本信息--填写小程序类目</p> <p>5.获取个人开发微信小程序的 APPID【设置---账号信息--APPID】</p></blockquote> <ul><li>安装微信开发者工具</li></ul> <blockquote><p>下载并安装最新稳定版 微信小程序开发者工具</p> <p><code>https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/devtools/download.html</code></p></blockquote> <h2 id="_2-页面组件-js-生命周期"><a href="#_2-页面组件-js-生命周期" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.页面组件  js 生命周期</h2> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">Page</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面加载
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onLoad</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">options</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面初次渲染完成
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onReady</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面显示
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onShow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面隐藏
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onHide</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面卸载
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onUnload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 页面相关事件处理函数--监听用户下拉动作
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onPullDownRefresh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 页面上拉触底事件的处理函数
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onReachBottom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 用户点击右上角分享
   */</span>
  <span class="token function">onShareAppMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_3-数据定义-data"><a href="#_3-数据定义-data" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.数据定义 data</h2> <ul><li>定义数据</li></ul> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code>Page<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token literal-property property">data</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">&quot;张三&quot;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>页面直接取值 没有双向绑定</li></ul> <div class="language-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>text</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>{{name}}<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>text</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>  //张三
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>双向绑定的实现 setData 修改数据【js中修改值】</li></ul> <div class="language-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>input</span> <span class="token attr-name">type</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>text<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">value</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>{{name}}<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">bindInput</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>changeName<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/&gt;</span></span>  #绑定输入事件
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">changeName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">event</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">//事件执行函数</span>
    <span class="token comment">//更新data 中的数据--达到类似的双向绑定效果</span>
   <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
       <span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span>event<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detail<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>   
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>在js中获取data 的数据</li></ul> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_4-方法定义"><a href="#_4-方法定义" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.方法定义</h2> <blockquote><p>微信小程序的方法直接写入到Page{}对象中即可</p></blockquote> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code>Page<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    data<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token function">方法名</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>，
    <span class="token function">方法名1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">//调用其他方法</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">方法名</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_5-事件定义"><a href="#_5-事件定义" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.事件定义</h2> <blockquote><p>微信中绑定事件的代码相比 React 和 Vue 发生了比较大的变化</p></blockquote> <p>事件类型：</p> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">类型</th> <th style="text-align:left;">触发条件</th> <th style="text-align:center;">最低版本</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">touchstart</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸动作开始</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">touchmove</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸后移动</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">touchcancel</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸动作被打断，如来电提醒，弹窗</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">touchend</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸动作结束</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">tap</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸后马上离开</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">longpress</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸后，超过350ms再离开，如果指定了事件回调函数并触发了这个事件，tap事件将不被触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/compatibility.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">1.5.0<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">longtap</td> <td style="text-align:left;">手指触摸后，超过350ms再离开（推荐使用longpress事件代替）</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">transitionend</td> <td style="text-align:left;">会在 WXSS transition 或 wx.createAnimation 动画结束后触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">animationstart</td> <td style="text-align:left;">会在一个 WXSS animation 动画开始时触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">animationiteration</td> <td style="text-align:left;">会在一个 WXSS animation 一次迭代结束时触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">animationend</td> <td style="text-align:left;">会在一个 WXSS animation 动画完成时触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">touchforcechange</td> <td style="text-align:left;">在支持 3D Touch 的 iPhone 设备，重按时会触发</td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/compatibility.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">1.9.90<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>事件绑定语句：</p> <div class="language-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>组件</span> <span class="token attr-name"><span class="token namespace">bind:</span>事件类型</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>事件执行函数<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>组件</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//方法中获取组件的数据</span>
<span class="token function">事件执行函数</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">event</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    event<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detail<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value  #input组件获取value值
    event<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detail<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dataset<span class="token punctuation">.</span>自定义属性名   #获取自定义属性值
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_6-模块化语法-commonjs-规范"><a href="#_6-模块化语法-commonjs-规范" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6.模块化语法 commonJS 规范</h2> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//暴露导出</span>
moudle<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exports <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    xxx
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//导入</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> aaa <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'相对路径'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">//使用</span>
aaa<span class="token punctuation">.</span>xxx
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_7-自定义组件"><a href="#_7-自定义组件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.自定义组件</h2> <blockquote><p>子组件创建</p> <p>在项目根目录创建组件文件夹： components/组件文件夹名  右键新建components</p></blockquote> <div class="language-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>text</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>我是子组件<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>text</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">Component</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 组件的属性列表
   */</span>
  <span class="token literal-property property">properties</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 组件的初始数据
   */</span>
  <span class="token literal-property property">data</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>

  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token comment">/**
   * 组件的方法列表
   */</span>
  <span class="token literal-property property">methods</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p>父组件页面中使用该组件</p></blockquote> <div class="language-json line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-json"><code><span class="token comment">// 父组件.json文件</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token property">&quot;usingComponents&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token property">&quot;son&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">&quot;../../components/son/son&quot;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><div class="language-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 父组件.wxml文件 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>son</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>son</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
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